Alaska once sent as many as a third of its inmates to private Outside prisons — a practice that wound down in 2012 because it cut off connections to communities and served as a key inroad for violent prison gangs — and it may do so again.
The Senate Finance Committee on Wednesday heard Senate Bill 126, by Wasilla Republican Sen. Rob Yundt, that would allow the state to resume the practice. The proposal would allow the state to move any prisoner with a term of over seven years to an Outside prison, where it costs a third to a quarter of the $200 it costs to keep them incarcerated in-state.
“We could save a lot of money,” he told the committee during the bill introduction, noting that the rules would impact about 800 of the state’s more than 4,000 prisoners who are mostly serving for violent crimes. “It takes some very bad behavior to get that much time.”
While much of Alaska’s state budget has been stagnant or seen cuts during Republican Gov. Mike Dunleavy’s time in office, the state’s prison budget has grown by an eye-popping 60%, a matter that wasn’t helped by the governor requesting $24 million in additional funding this spring to cover thousands of hours of overtime due to chronic understaffing.
The idea has some momentum, backed by Senate Finance Committee co-chairs Sens. Lyman Hoffman and Bert Stedman, who floated it earlier this year.
“I don’t want to sound cold-hearted or cold-blooded about all this, but quite frankly, in my opinion, I have no real issue with sending them out of state, as long as we can protect our prisoners from bad habits learned,” said Stedman, a Sitka Republican. “We have come to a time in our budget on cost controls. We need to have a serious discussion on this issue and encourage control of that department … It’s alarming the growth in the Corrections Department over the last 10 or so years.”
But not everyone is a fan.
Alaska has a long and problematic history of warehousing inmates in private prisons in the Lower 48, and wound down the practice in 2012 out of growing concerns that the savings weren’t worth the harm it was doing to the state. Opponents argued that severing inmates’ connections to their home communities makes rehabilitation and reintegration more difficult, increasing the likelihood they’ll commit new crimes on release.
Others have warned that the practice of warehousing inmates alongside Lower 48 prisoners was largely responsible for the arrival of violent gangs like the 1488s, the Lo Lifes and the Native Brotherhood. Alaska inmates would get initiated into the groups, which saw Alaska as fresh turf to expand.
In 2019, the FBI arrested 18 members of the violent white supremacist 1488s gang for murder, kidnapping and racketeering, leading to a life sentence for its leader, a 45-year-old man who legally changed his name to “Filthy Fuhrer.” According to the prosecutors, the gang specifically gained a foothold in the state when Alaskan inmates were being housed in Arizona and Colorado.
Much of that was of concern to Juneau Democratic Sen. Jesse Kiehl, who warned that the Legislature could be setting itself up for broader unintended consequences.
“We imported gangs to Alaska that we didn’t have here before,” he said. “Our past experience with private prisons is more severe crime in Alaska, more severe drug problems in Alaska, and we, we paid to import that.”
To that end, Sen. Yundt has included a provision in the bill requiring any contract with an Outside prison to prevent Alaska inmates from mingling with other inmates. Whether that’s actually realistic and what it’d mean for the hoped-for cost reductions wasn’t discussed at the hearing.
“The last thing we want to do is send our Alaskan inmates down, put them into a facility, or a wing of a facility with folks from other states, where they could possibly start to learn about other things they didn’t know,” Yundt said. “I think it would be important to keep our Alaskan inmates together and then bring them home when they have two years remaining, so that we can start getting them into the workforce again.”
The committee heard only opposition during its short testimony session on Wednesday, which included opposition from the head of the ACLU of Alaska as well as two former inmates who experienced out-of-state incarceration firsthand.
“We were housed with Oregon, New Mexico, the American Virgin Islands and the Washington DC prisoners. From all these people, we learned how to be prisoners. We learned how to live by the founding code,” said Chet Adkins, who served nearly 30 years in prison. “When we got to the Red Rock Correctional Center, where we were housed with the California contract, is when the real teaching got started, because we were housed with MS-13, we were housed with 1488, so that’s where a lot of the gang issues that you have here came from.”
He noted that private prisons are run to maximize profits, which means pay can be extraordinarily low for corrections officers, sometimes as low as $10 an hour. That, he warned, makes it easier for gangs to bribe and corrupt corrections officers to sneak in things like drugs and other contraband.
“If you’re talking about sending people back out, you’re about to throw gas on the fire,” he said. “You might be saving money in the short term, but you can cause yourself a whole lot more problems in the long-term … If you want to start saving money, start dealing with the problem.”
He said the Legislature would be better served by investing in things that prevent people from committing crimes in the first place or from committing new crimes.
Yundt seemed to be convinced those problems could be avoided.
“I don’t think any (contract) should be allowed to go forward if it includes cross-pollination,” he said, stressing that he didn’t take pleasure in disrupting the lives of the prisoners and potentially exposing Alaska to more problems, but that it made sense to keep the budget in check. “There’s nothing enjoyable about this for me. I don’t enjoy this. This is just where we are, and this is the reality, reality of which our budget exists, and it’s an option.”
The bill is currently in the Senate Finance Committee and would still need to be approved by the House and signed into law before it becomes official. That said, the Dunleavy administration has already tried to restart shipping inmates Outside but was largely opposed by legislators, with several noting that the budget director who was driving for the change had close connections to the private prison industry.
Matt Acuña Buxton is a long-time political reporter who has written for the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner and The Midnight Sun political blog. He also authors the daily politics newsletter, The Alaska Memo, and can frequently be found live-tweeting public meetings on Bluesky.
